Outdoor Lighting Fixtures Types–Part I

LED Street Light:

Mainly used for traffic lighting at night.

Basic requirements of LED street light

 The LED street lights used in the community, park and courtyard are generally not high. Within 2 ~ 4m, the power requirement of LED lights is not too large. Generally, 10 ~ 20W white LED is enough, and the color temperature is generally 5000 ~ 7000K. However, this kind of LED lights should be beautiful and easy to manage and maintain. And the LED light shell color and style requirements are strict, according to the community, park, courtyard color to choose.

The branch lights in suburban areas are generally 4 ~ 6m high, each pole is 30 ~ 40m apart, the power of LED street lights is 60 ~ 100W, the color temperature is 6000 ~ 9000k, the diameter of each street light spot on the ground is 25 ~ 30m, the central illumination is 20 ~ 25lx, and the edge illumination is 5 ~ 8lx.

The main road light is generally hung at 8 ~ 12m high, the distance between each light pole is 30 ~ 40m, the power of LED street light is generally 120 ~ 200W, the color temperature is between 6000 ~ 9000k, the diameter of light spot on the ground is 25 ~ 30m, the central illumination of light spot is 15 ~ 20lx, and the edge illumination of light spot is 4 ~ 5lx.

At present, there are many specifications of LED street lights, but they are usually used in these places. The general requirements of street lights are beautiful and generous, easy to manage and maintain. Lightning discharge and anti leakage are also very important safety indicators. The protection level is required to be above IP65, the electro-optic efficiency is generally above 80%, and the service life is currently required to be 30000 ~ 50000 hours. Solar street light and wind solar complementary LED street light can also be used in places where common power is difficult.

Solar Street Light

solar light as energy, battery energy storage, LED light as light source, charging in the daytime and using at night.

Working principle of solar street light

solar street light uses photovoltaic effect principle of solar cell, solar cell absorbs solar photon energy to generate electric energy during the day, which is stored in the battery through the controller. When the night falls or the light intensity around the light is low, the battery supplies power to the light source through the controller until the set time is cut off.

Data needed for street light design

 Find the longitude and latitude of the place where solar street light is used by knowing the place where solar street light is used.

The tilt angle and azimuth angle of solar cell module are determined and the standard peak sunshine time of solar energy in this area is calculated through the solar radiation database on different inclined planes.

power of light source selected for street light (W).

The power of light source directly affects the parameter stability of the whole system.

hours of solar street light working every night (H).

This is the core parameter to determine the size of the solar street light module. By determining the working time, the daily power consumption of the load and the corresponding charging current of the solar cell module can be preliminarily calculated.

„ continuous rainy days for solar street light (d).

Courtyard Light

most of the light tubes and light racks are installed on the courtyard floor; they are used in parks, street gardens, hotels, industrial and mining enterprises, government schools and other places.

1) The courtyard light pole is fortified at 7 degrees of earthquake resistance and 40 meters per second for wind resistance.

2) The material of courtyard street light pole body and light arm is steel plate, and the wall thickness of the light pole is greater than or equal to 3.0 mm (it is the net thickness of steel plate not including galvanized and plastic sprayed layer),

3) The surface of light pole, light arm, light panel and all metal fittings should be hot-dip galvanized and electrostatic sprayed. It is required that the galvanized layer is uniform and the thickness is not less than 65μm; after galvanizing, it should be passivated, the surface is smooth, the thickness of the sprayed layer is not less than 100μm, and the adhesion is above level 2.

4) The main body of the courtyard light is made of aluminum alloy high pressure die-casting. It should have high aluminum purity, strong corrosion resistance, concise appearance, circulation of lines, strong structure, surface spray or paint anticorrosion treatment, bright and beautiful. Requires stable quality, good adhesion, no fading, no falling.

5) The reflector of the courtyard light is made of high-purity aluminum, and the surface is oxidized and plated with silicon dioxide. The surface has no obvious scratches, reasonable light distribution, high light efficiency, and low glare optical system.

6) The light transmittance of the lightshade of the light is above 90%; the surface of the lightshade has no bubbles, obvious scratches and cracks.

7) The light cap is composed of an internal replacement bubble structure. The internal parts are made of fire-retardant materials and the exposed fasteners are made of stainless steel.

8) The insulation resistance value of the light is not less than 2MΩ, the internal wiring is a copper core double-sheathed insulated wire, the core wire cross-sectional area is not less than 1.5mm2, and the insulation thickness of the rubber or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulated wire is not less than 0.6 mm.

9) Electrical safety level: Class I, lights should have dedicated grounding terminals.

10), protection level, sealing function: electrical cavity IP54;

11) Power factor: above 0.85.

Buried Light:

Durable, waterproof, excellent heat dissipation performance; widely used in shopping malls, parking lots, green belts, parks, tourist attractions, residential areas, urban sculptures, pedestrian streets, building steps and other places.

1. Shell design (choice). Many people choose aluminum for the shell material. This is not a wrong choice. After all, the cost pressure of stainless steel is too great.
2. The design of the cable hole, many people use a traditional PG7 to solve the waterproof problem of the LED buried light. This is also a misunderstanding. The traditional PG7 relies on the compression between a ring rubber ring and the shell to waterproof, because The contact surface between the rubber ring and the light body is limited. If it is used outdoors to prevent rain, there is no problem. If it is used in LED underground lights, it is indeed open for discussion. Here are three alternative suggestions,

 The use of V-shaped rubber ring in the V-shaped hole is compressed by a nut to prevent water from infiltrating from the side of the rubber ring and preventing water from infiltrating from around the line skin (the method of underwater light entry protection)‚

The rubber ring uses a large and thick flat circular gasket

The inlet is filled with epoxy resin.

3. The rubber pad between the upper cover and the light body. The method mentioned above is that the lower part of the light body is waterproof. Here, it is said that the upper part of the light body is waterproof. Some people use a stainless steel shell to make the light body. It is found that water is still entering the light. Water or moisture is inhaled, and a layer of water drops on the glass surface when it is cold. The rubber ring here is best designed as a U-shaped sleeve on the glass, and it is waterproof on three sides after pressing. It is recommended that the upper thickness is 1~ the lower thickness is 2~, and the width of the upper and lower compression is recommended to be 6~10mm, especially the rubber ring The hardness cannot be too hard. The hardness should be 35. If it is too hard, it will not stick tightly, causing water ingress.

Wall washing light:

architectural decorative lighting or outline of large buildings.

Fault inspection

The fault inspection of the LED wall washer is a very important test item in the test process. This project is mainly to simulate some faults that may occur during the use of the LED wall washer, so as to test the LED wall washer in the case of failure safe question.

Temperature rise test

Temperature rise test is one of the must-do items to test the safety of LED wall washer products. Different originals have different temperature rise limit standards. Therefore, LED light manufacturers must pay attention to the heat dissipation of LED wall washers, especially certain parts.

Operating temperature:

Because the wall washer is usually used more outdoors, this parameter is more important, and the temperature requirements are higher.

Protection level:

This is an important parameter of the wall washer, and it is also an important indicator that affects the quality of the guardrail tube. We have to make strict requirements. When we use it outdoors, it is best to require the waterproof level to be above IP65.

Tunnel light:

To solve the “black hole effect” or “white hole effect” caused by the sudden change of vehicle brightness, it is a special light used for tunnel lighting.

1) Basic lighting needs to be installed in the tunnel regardless of whether it is day or night. When vehicles enter the tunnel during the day, the brightness of the road surface should gradually decrease, so that the driver’s vision has an adaptation process. The entrance section is divided into an introduction section, an adaptation section and a transition section.

(2) Determine the length (S) of the introduction section, the adaptation section and the transition section, usually according to the vehicle speed (V) and the adaptation time of T=2s, which can be estimated by S=VT/3.6m; the exit section should also have a transition The lighting is the same as the entrance section in the case of two-way traffic.

(3) Entrance and exit at night shall not be equipped with enhanced lighting. Street lighting shall be provided outside the cave with a brightness not less than 1/2 of the basic brightness in the cave; emergency lighting shall be provided in the tunnel with a brightness not less than 1/10 of the basic brightness.

(4) According to the provisions of the International Lighting Electrical Association JTJ026-90 “Code for Design of Highway Tunnels”, the length of the tunnel entrance lighting interval and the minimum brightness standards of the road surface are designed as required.

Landscape light:

High ornamental, harmonious with the historical culture and surrounding environment of the scenic spot. It is suitable for square, residential area, public green space and other landscape places.

Landscape art lights are an indispensable part of modern landscape. It not only has a high degree of appreciation, but also emphasizes the coordination and unity of the landscape of artistic lights, the historical culture of the scenic spot, and the surrounding environment. Landscape art lights use different shapes, different light colors and brightness to create scenery. For example, the red lantern-shaped landscape lights bring a festive atmosphere to the square, and the green coconut tree lights create a tropical atmosphere by the pool. Landscape lights are suitable for landscape places such as squares, residential areas, and public green spaces. Be careful not to overdo it in use, so as not to overwhelm the guests and make the landscape appear cluttered and flashy. The following issues should be paid attention to in the design of landscape lights:

1. Landscape lights mostly exist in the form of diffused light. The difference between diffused light and direct light is that it does not produce too much shadow, making the color brighter and darker when it is softer. However, an important problem that needs to be solved for the diffused-light landscape light is that the surface temperature of the luminous body is too high. From the current popular lights on the market, few products can solve such problems.

2. Calculation of elevation angle and shoulder distance. The calculation of elevation angle and shoulder distance can achieve a good balance between functional and landscape functions. For example, if the design of elevation angle takes into account the corresponding landscape design, then it can better reflect the role of the landscape, and also in the function To meet people’s needs.

The first thing that low-level lights need to pay attention to is the innovation of design concepts, followed by the humanization and diversity of functions. I saw a low-level light in Japan. This light not only plays a role in lighting and beautification, but also serves as a warning. , It tells passers-by that the curve ahead is large and there are many people coming and going. Please be careful of motorists and passers-by. To achieve the unity of diversified functions and landscape lighting for low-position lights, it is necessary to introduce the idea of ​​composite design, and achieve the coordination of functional lighting and landscape lighting as much as possible.

Lawn Light:

it is used for the lighting facilities around the lawn, adding safety and beauty to the urban green space, with simple installation and strong decoration. The utility model can be used for the lawn periphery of parks, villas, pedestrian streets, parking lots, squares, etc.

The main features of lawn lights

1. High brightness: The new type of solar lawn light can use 140lm/wLED light source, which is 50% brighter than the conventional solar LED lawn light.
2. High quality and high reliability: Lawn lights have high quality requirements. Manufacturers must choose advanced equipment and good materials to ensure quality, and they must conduct full inspections of materials to grasp the quality of each production process, product inspection, and production Cargo inspection, in strict accordance with the requirements of the ISO quality management system for comprehensive quality management.
3. Long lifespan: The overall lifespan of the lawn light is more than 20 years. It adopts the high-transmitting glass lamination process. The design life of all accessories is consistent. The unique energy-saving design makes the battery life 2-3 times longer than conventional technology.
4. High-efficiency and energy-saving: If it is a solar lawn light, the full-power crystalline silicon solar cell module is usually used as the power generation system of the light. The special solar battery is used to save energy and power. It can continuously illuminate for 3-5 nights in rainy days without other energy supply. .
5. Automatic control: The solar lawn light is turned on and off by sunlight light induction control, that is, the light control function, and it also has an energy-saving mode. When there are few pedestrians at night, the output power of the light source is automatically reduced to save electricity.
6. High safety: Solar lawn lights are low-voltage products. They use DC 4V or 6V power supply, which is safe and harmless, and effectively protects children, pedestrians and animals.
7. The light body adopts high-strength structural design, which is waterproof, wind-resistant, and has high strength against external forces.
8. Convenient installation: independent power supply, no need to erect or pre-bury transmission lines, simple construction, and low construction cost.