International sports venue lighting standards (Part II)

There are so many types of international sports standards that it is impossible to list them all. This article lists the more popular sports and international sports standards with a wide range of influence. For other standards, please refer to the “Sports Lighting Design Manual”.

★FIFA Standard

The latest FIFA standard is the 2011 edition of FIFA “Football Stadium”, in which Chapter 9 is venue lighting. See [Table 1] for the lighting standard values of the football field.

Competition level			Calculate the orientation	Horizontal illumination			Vertical illuminance			light source
				Eh	Illumination uniformity		Ev	Illumination uniformity		CCT	CRI
				lx	U1	U2	lx	U1	U2	Tcp (K)	RA
NO TV Broadcast	I	Training and entertainment		200	/	0.5	/	/	/	>4000	≥65
	II	League and club games		500	/	0.6	/	/	/	>4000	≥65
	III	Domestic competition		750	/	0.7	/	/	/	>4000	≥65
TV Broadcast	IV	Domestic competition	Fixed camera	2500	0.6	0.8	2000	0.5	0.65	>4000	≥65
			Field camera				1400	0.35	0.6	>4000	≥65
	V	International competition	Fixed camera	3500	0.6	0.8	2000	0.6	0.7	>4000	≥65
			Field camera				1800	0.4	0.65	>4000	≥65

Note: [Table 1] Standard value of lighting for football field

①The illuminance value in the table is the maintenance illuminance value;

②Ev is the vertical illuminance in the direction of the fixed camera or the field camera. The handheld camera and the rocker camera are collectively called the field camera;

③The glare value in each grade of venue should be GR≤50;

④ The maintenance factor should not be less than 0.7;

⑤It is recommended to use constant lumen technology.

It should be noted that this standard has always been compiled by developed countries in football, and the level and system of football matches in these countries are very complete. The level III “domestic competition” in the table is close to China’s “professional competition”; the level II “league and club competition” is a low-level competition, similar to China’s “amateur competition, professional training”.

★IAAF Standard

The latest standard of the International Athletics Federation IAAF was promulgated in 2008, which is the 2008 edition of the IAAF Track and Field Facilities Handbook. Section 5.1 is about venue lighting. See [Table 2] for the lighting standard values of its track and field venues.

Competition level			Calculate the orientation	Horizontal illumination			Vertical illuminance			light source
				Eh	Illumination uniformity		Ev	Illumination uniformity		CCT	CRI
				lx	U1	U2	lx	U1	U2	Tcp (K)	RA
NO TV Broadcast	I	Training and entertainment		75	0.3	0.5	/	/	/	>4000	≥65
	II	League and club games		200	0.4	0.6	/	/	/	>4000	≥65
	III	Domestic,International competition		500	0.5	0.7	/	/	/	>4000	≥65
	IV	Domestic,International competition/TV Emergency	Fixed camera	/	/	/	1000	0.4	0.6
TV Broadcast	V	Important International competition	Slow motion camera	/	/	/	1000	0.5	0.7	>5500	≥90
			Field camera				1400	0.5	0.7	>5500	≥90
			Mobile camera	/	/	/	1000	0.3	0.5	>5500	≥90
			Terminal camera				2000

Note: [Table 2] Lighting standard values of track and field venues

① The glare value in each grade of venue should be GR≤50;

② For the finish camera, U1 and U2 within 5m before and after the finish line should not be less than 0.9;

③The illuminance value in the table is the minimum maintained average illuminance value, and the initial illuminance value should not be lower than 1.25 times the illuminance value in the table.

Similar to football, the international track and field standards are also compiled by developed countries in Europe and the United States, and all levels of track and field competitions are relatively complete. Although the level III “domestic and international competition” in Table 2 is not broadcast on TV, it is a professional competition, which is close to the level of China’s “professional competition”; the level II “club competition” is also a low-level competition, which is an amateur competition. , Similar to China’s “amateur competition, professional training” level.

★Tennis court lighting standards

The lighting requirements for tennis courts of the International Tennis Federation are shown in Table 3.

Tennis court lighting standards for fitness and entertainment
classification		Eh (lx)		Eh Evenness				GR max	CRI(Ra)			CCT (K)
				U1		U2
		PPA	TPA	PPA	TPA	PPA	TPA
Outdoor	normal	150	125	0.3	0.2	0.6	0.5	50	≥20(65)			2000
	high-ranking	300	250	0.3	0.2	0.6	0.5	50	≥20(65)			2000
Indoor	normal	250	200	0.3	0.2	0.6	0.5	50	≥65			4000
	high-ranking	500	400	0.3	0.2	0.6	0.5	50	≥65			4000
Outdoor tennis court lighting standards
classification		Eh (lx)		Ev (lx)		Eh Evenness				Ev Evenness				CCT(K)
						U1		U2		U1		U2
		PPA	TPA	PPA	TPA	PPA	TPA	PPA	TPA	PPA	TPA	PPA	TPA
Training		250	200	/	/	0.4	0.3	0.6	0.5					2000
Domestic competition		500	400	/	/	0.4	0.3	0.6	0.5					4000
International competition		750	600	/	/	0.4	0.3	0.6	0.5					4000
Camera distance	25m	/	/	1000	700	0.5	0.3	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.3	0.6	0.5	4000/5500
	75m	/	/	1400	1000	0.5	0.3	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.3	0.6	0.5	4000/5500
HDTV		/	/	2500	1750	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.7	4000/5500

Note: Recommended values for tennis court lighting parameters of the International Tennis Federation (Table 3)

① GR≤50. Ra≥65, color TV/HDTV/movie broadcasting is best Ra≥90, color temperature Tk=5500K.

② The numbers in parentheses in the table are the best values.

★FIBA lighting standards

The standard promulgated by the International Basketball Federation (FIBA) in 2004-“Official Basketball Rules 2004, Basketball Equipment”, the lighting requirements are shown in Table 4.

Competition level	Illuminance (lx)			Illumination uniformity		Light source chromaticity parameters
	Camera type	Eave	U.G%2m	U1	U2	CCT(K)	CRI(Ra)
Level I	Slo-moEcam FOV	1800	5	0.5	0.7	3000≤Tk≤6000K	Ra≥90
	SDTV Ecam FOV	1400	5	0.5	0.7
	HORIZONTAL	1500-3000	5	0.6	0.7
Level II	SDTV Ecam FOV	1400	5	0.5	0.7	3000≤Tk≤6000K	Ra≥90
	HORIZONTAL	1500-2500	5	0.6	0.7
Level III	Ecam FOV	1000	10	0.5	0.6	3000≤Tk≤6000K	Ra≥80
	HORIZONTAL	1000-2000	10	0.6	0.7

Note: [Table 4] FIBA lighting standards. Slo-mo means a slow motion camera with triple speed; SDTV means a standard camera; for SLR cameras, the best color temperature is 5500K~6000K. Ecam-the illuminance in the direction of the camera, FOV-the coverage of the camera, Eave-the average illuminance, U.G-the illuminance gradient.

★Olympic swimming, diving and other standards

The lighting standards for Olympic swimming competitions are shown in [Table 5].

location	Illuminance (lx)		Illumination uniformity
	Ev-cam-min	Eh-ave	horizontal direction		Vertical direction
			Emin/Emax	Emin/Eave	Emin/Emax	Emin/Eave
Playing field	1400	See ratio as below	0.7	0.8	0.6	0.7
All competition area	1400	See ratio as below	0.6	0.7	0.4	0.6
quarantine area		See ratio as below	0.4	0.6
Auditorium C1 camera	See ratio as below				0.3	0.5
Ratio
Eh-ave-FOP/Ev-ave-Cam-FOP			≥0.75 & ≤0.5
Eh-ave-deck/Ev-ave-Cam-deck			≥0.5 & ≤2.0
FOP calculates the ratio of the maximum and minimum Ev of the four planes of the point			≥0.6
Ev-ave-spec/Ev-ave-Cam-FOP			≥0.1 & ≤0.25
Ev-min-TRZ			≥Ev-ave-C#1-FOP
Uniformity gradient
UG-FOP			<20%
UG-Deck			<10%
UG Auditorium			≤20%
Light Source
CRI			Ra≥90
CCT			5600K